Carbureter.



No. 839,707. 7 PATENTBD DEC. 25, 1906. F. A; BIEHN.

OARBURETER.

APPLICATION FILED JULY11,1904.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 24 No. 839,707. PATENTED DEC. 25, 1906. F. A. BIEHN.

OARBURETER.

APPLICATION rump JULY 11,1904.

2 SHEETS-SHEBT 1.

entree.

BIEHN, OF OHlCAGQ,

Specification of Letters Application filed July 11, 1904. Serial No. 2153,1 15;

1 1/029 COR/087711.

' I, FRANK BIEHN, a States of America, and cage, in the county of Cook 1101s, have invented certain iprovenients in Carbu- .vhich the following is e specificathe engine, and s form of governor ep- 5 the engine-cylinder ticeliy control the n :Fzed speed of the 11 set ing or" the fuel-supply sh these objects by the device shown in e accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is e vertical longitudinal section of e canhureterfor oil-engines constructed accordin to my invention. Fig. 2 isa top plan or'the seine.

The framework of the carbureter shown consists of e hollow valve-casing comprising for convenience of construction a plurality of separable sections. The interior cavity 2 forms a mixingchsmher end is provided "with an air-inlet 3, s fuehinlet 4, and an outlet 5 for delivering the mixed fuel and air to engine-cylinder, to which the carbureter is connected by means of a nipple threaded into the flange 6. The engine 1S not shown in the drawings. The fuel-inlet, air inlet and outlet are each controlled, by a valve. The cutlet-valve 7 is pop-valve opening up- :rdly on 'e side of the outlet-nassage 5 "which is is. the engine-cylinder, so that ch extends V i the top of sued at9 near -nnt slidahly mount-er upwardly, pas oosely t the valvecas' (1 being th" its upper end to receive l and loclenut 1 i i piston is g to the rod 8 end 7 vertically siidehle in the cylindrical. here. e-cesing shove the outlet-passe. e 5 and is adapted to he moved tower e valve ongn suction produced in ie ,assage 3. the intaking stroke'of the ston .in the lie-cylinder.

e rod 8 end the val /e 7, ts ciosed Aheiicai spi 4 hears between normally position, but Init the openi, tion from the of the spring ment of the tion cf the scribed. 13.. hetwee; th, and melly ward the r piston sure in the upper e here if. vihich communicates the through the aperture 18, the lower surfs-cc the valve '7 is exposed to the pressure of the gases in the mixing-chamber 2, which is normally a. little below atmospheric pressure. The exposed area of the piston greater than that of the valve '3, so that the suction the engine will "urge the valve 7 its closed position. A third helical spring 19 hears between the nut 10 end the member 20, which is seated on top 17 of the velve-casing and tends to urge the rod 8 u'cwardly, raising the piston 12 against the action of the spring 16 and yieldingiy resisting downward movement of said piston. T he member 2% provided with e eeir of cam-snrfeces 21, which rideon shoulders 22 at diametrically opposite points on the valve-casing, end thereby raised or lowered when the member is turned by means of the lever 13 thus correspondingly raising or lowering the piston 12 end ver g zension of the spring on I heing U .1 secured I with the controlling-lever of the engine.

The air-inlet 3 is controlled by means of a I valve 24, which is normally held in its closed position by the springs controlling the valve 7, the two valves being separated by the sleeve 25. The valve 24 is held in contact with the sleeve 25 by the spring 26, which bears onthe nut 27 on the rod 8.

The fuel-inlet 4 is controlled by a needlevalve 31', whichis threaded into a member 32 and locked in any position relatively of said member by means of a set-screw 33. The member 32is provided with a transverselyextending arm 34, having therein a series of a ertures 35 for receiving a swivel-stud 38 on t e member 20. The apertures '35 inthe arm 34 are preferably arranged in the arc-of a circle having its center in the stud 38 when the lever 23 is in the osi'tion corresponding to the slowest speed of 't'he engine. Each of the apertures 35 corresponds to a different throw 0 -the needle-valve '31 for a certain movement of the lever 23, thus permitting of accurate-adjustment of the throw of the needlevalve 31 to conform with various conditions of the atmosphere and qauli'ties of the fuel. Besides admitting air to the mixing-chamber through the inlet '3, a second air-inlet 39 is suitably located to deliver a fine jet of air across 'thetop of the fuel-inlet 4 for atomizing the fuel as it is delivered to the mixingchamber, and therebyinsuring more thorough mixture when the fuel comes into contact with the air rushing into the mixingchamber at the inlet 3.

An-oil-reservoir 4( communicates with the fuel-inlet 4 through the tube 41. The reservoir v40 is connected with an oil-tank (not shown) and has an oil-inlet 46, controllrd by a valve 47, operated hy'a float 48 for maintaining a constant depth of oil in the reservoir 40. The space in the reservoir 40 above the level of the oil communicates with the atmosphere in a roundabout way through the apertures 49 and 50. This tortuous disposition of the air-passage serves the purpose of preventing the oil from spilling out of the res ervoir 40. The float 48 is preferably mounted centrally of the oil-inlet tube 41, so that thedevice may be tilted to a considerable angle without materially changing the level of the oil in the tube 41. This insures a uniform oil-supply for each setting of the valve and frees the same from disturbance by outside influences. The float 43 is moun. ed on a sleeve 43, loosely fitting on the tube 41 and connecting by a lever 44 with the valve 47. Communication between the inlet 4 and the oil-receptacle 40 is had through apertures 45. A push-rod 42 is provided for releasing the float 48 in case the same gets stuck at the upper endof the tube 41. The mechanism of the oil-receptacle is already commonly understood in the art, and it is believed that it will not be necessary to describe the same in detail herein.

'The operation of the device shown is as follows: Oil passes from the supply-tank to the oil-reservoir through the inlet-passage 46 and is maintained at a certain predetermined constant level in the reservoir by the floatcontrolled valve. During that part of the stroke of the engine-piston during which fuel is taken into the cylinder the suction of the engine-cylinder lifts the valves 7 and 24 and also causes a jet of oil to spurt through the inlet-passage 4. The jet of air entering the aperture 39 under the suction of the enginecylinder atomizes the jet of oil issuing from the fuel-inlet 4, and the atomized fuel then mixes with the air which enters the inletchamber 2 through the air-inlet 3. The gas so mixed passes through the outlet aperture 5 and is delivered throu h the passage 14 to the engine-cylinder. "l e tension on the spring 19 is adjusted by means of the adjusting-nut 10 so that when the lever 23 is in the position shown in Fig. 1 the valve 7 Will open suflicient'ly under the suction of the enginecylinder to admit the proper amount of gaseous fuel for the slowest speed at which the engine is to be run. The needle-valve 31 is also adjusted to regulate the admission of-oil for such minimum speed by turningsaid needle va'lve relatively 'of the-member 32 when said member is in the position shown in Fig. 2.- Ifwhen the en 'ine'is running at a certain speed the load should suddenly decrease, tending to speed up the engine, the increased suction, having a greater effect on. the piston 12 than on the valve 7, would tend to decrease the opening of the valve 7, cutting down the amount of fuel taken into the cylinder and reducing the speed of the engine until the normal speed is reached for which the mechanism controlling said piston and valve has been set. It will be seen that the piston 12 thus acts as a governor and prevents the engine from exceeding the speed for which the governing mechanism is set. To increase the power of the engine, the lever 23 is turned in the direction of the arrow on Fig. 2. This causes the member 20 tomove upwardly against the spring 19, lifting the piston 12, permitting the valve 7 to have a greater range of movement, and consequently admit the required greater amount of fuel. As themember 20 rotates the link 37 causes a corresponding rotation of the mem. ber 32. The member 32 has a left-hand thread 51 engaging the valve-casing, and consequently lifts the needle-valve 31 when the lever 23 is rotated in the direction indicated, thus increasing the oil-supply as the consumption increases. The cam-surfaces 21 on the member 20 are of such form that the setting of the governing mechanism from minimum to maximum speed is accomplished by shifting the lever 23 through an angle of about ninety degrees. The corresponding angle of movement of the member 32 and the throw of the needle-valve 31 will depend upon the point at which the link 37 connects with the arm 34. To adjust the fuel-valve 31 for minimum speed, the lever 23 is turned to the position shown in Fig. 2 and the needle 31 is rotated within the member 32 until best results are obtained, the best position being determined by a noiseless exhaust, indicating complete consumption of the power supplied. To adjust the fuel-valve 31 for maximum speed of the engine, the lever 23 is thrown to its sults are obtained. Movement of the lever 23 to any of its intermediate positions will of course cause a proportionate change in the setting of the valve 31, so that the fuel and air will always hear the proper relation to each. other and to the requirements of the engine.

it will be seen that the arrangement of valves and the governing mechanism controlling the delivery of fuel to the engine corresponds exactly with the consumption of power at all times and is controlled by the movement of a single lever 23, thus making it possible to use the full expansive power of the fuel under all conditions of load and avoiding the necessity of shifting the spark to change the speed, as is generally done with the forms of carburetors in common use and which gives rise to great waste of fuel and loud exhaust.

It will be seen that numerous details of the construction shown may be altered without departing from the spirit of my invention.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a device of the class described, the combination of a mixing-chamber having fuel and air inlets and having an outlet for delivering the mixed fuel and air to an engine cylinder; a valve controlling said outlet, being normally urged toward its closed position and adapted to open through the suction of the en ine-cylinder; a governing device for controlling the opening of said valve, being adapted to automatically increase the re sistance to the opening of the valve through an increase in the suction of the engine-cylinder.

2. In a device of the class described, the combination of a mixing-chamber having fuel and air inlets and having an outlet for delivering the mixed fuel and air to an enine-cylinder a valve controlling said outlet being norm ally urged toward its closed position and adapted to open through the suctier? of the engine-cylinder; a governing devi e for controlling the opening of said valve, being adapted to automatically increase the resistance to the opening of the valve wide-open position and the stud 36 is' shifted along the arm 34 until the best rethrough an increase in the suction of the engine-cylinder and means for varying the action of said governing device to change the speed of the engine.

3. In a device of the-class described, the combination of a casing; a mixing-chamber having fuel and air inlets and having an outlet for delivering the mixed fuel and air to an engine-cylinder a valve controlling said outlet, being normally urged toward its closed position and adapted to open through the suction of the engine cylinder a piston movably mounted in said casing and adapted to urge said valve toward a closed position when moved through the suction of the engine-cylinder, substantially as described.

4. In a device of the o ass described, the combination of a casing; a mixing-chamber having fuel and air inlets and having an outlet for delivering the mixed fuel and air to an engine-cylinder a valve controlling said outlet, being normally urged toward its closed position and adapted to open through suction of the engine-cylinder; a piston adapted to be moved by'the suction of the en inecylinder and urge said valve toward a closed position; and regulating mechanism for controlling the movement of said piston, substantially as described. I

5. In a device of the class described, the combination of a casing; a mixing-chamber having fuel and air inlets and having an outlet for delivering the mixed fuel and air to an engine-cylinder; a valve controlling said outlet, being normally urged toward its closed position and adapted to open through suction of the engine-cylinder a piston adapted to be moved by the suction of the en inecylinder and urge said valve toward a c osed. position and a spring resisting the movement of said piston, substantiall as described.

6. In a device of the clitss described, the combination of a casing; a mixing-chamber having fuel and air inlets and having an outlet for delivering the mixed fuel and air to an engine-cylinder a valve controlling said outlet, being normally urged toward its closed position and adapted to open through suction of the enginecylinder; a pistonadapted to be moved by the suction" of the en inecylinder and urge said valve toward a c osed position; a sprin resisting the movement of said piston; and ever-controlled mechanism for varying the resistance of said spring, substantially as described.

- 7. In a device of the class described, the combination of a casing; a mixing-chamber having fuel and air inlets and having an outlet for delivering the mixed fuel and air to an engine-cylinder; a valve controllin said outlet and adapted to open through the suction of the engine-cylinder a rod for guiding said valve; a piston mounted in said casing concentrically of said rod and adapted to be moved. toward said valve by the. suction of I stantially as described.

8. In a device of the class described, the combination of a casing; a mixing-chamber having fuel and an inlets and having an out- -let for delivering the mixed fuel and air to an engine-cylinder; a valve controlling said outlet and adapted to en through the suction of the engine-cylin er a rod for guiding said valve; ,a piston mounted in said casing concentrically of said rod and adapted to be movedtoward said valve by the suction of the enginecylinderf a spring bearing between said valve and piston; said piston being of eater diameter than said valve and adapte to overcome the suction on said valve and urge the valve toward a closed position; and means for controlling the movement of said piston, substantially as described.

9. In a device of the class described, the combination of acasing; a mixing-chamber having fuel and air inlets and having an outlet for delivering the mixed air and fuel to an engine-cylinder; a valve controlling said outlet and adapted to open throu h the suction of the engine-cylinder; a rod or guiding said valve; a piston mounted in said casing concentrically of said rod and adapted to be moved toward said valve by the suction of K the engine-cylinder; a spring bearing between said valve and piston; said piston being of greater diameter than said valve and adapted to overcome the suction of the valve and urge said valve toward a; closed position; and means for yieldingly controlling the movement of said piston, substantially as described. v

10. In a device of the class described, the

combination of a valve-casing; a mixingchamber having fuel and air inlets and having an outlet for deliverin the mixedfuel and air to an engine-cylin er; avalve controllin' said outlet and adapted to open 1 throug the suction of the engine-cylinder a piston movably mounted in said casing and adapted to be" moved toward said valve through the suction of the engine-cylinder a spring bearing between said valve and piston and adapted to normally urge said valve toward its closed position; a second spring normally urgin said piston toward said valve; and means or'controlling the movement of said piston, substantially as described. e i

11; In a device of the class described, the combination of a v'alve-casin' a mixingchamber having fuel and air i ets and having an outlet for deliverin the mixed fuel and air to an engine-cylin er a valve controllin said outlet and adapted to .open

' throug the suction of the engine-cylinder; a

rod for guiding the movement of said valve; a piston movably mounted in said casing con centrically of said rod and adapted to be urged toward the valve through the suction of the engine-cylinder; a spring bearing between said valve and piston; and suitable yielding governing mechanism for controlling the movementof said piston, substantially as described. v

. 12. In a device of the class described, thecombination of a casing; a mixing-chamber having fuel and airinlets and having an outlet for delivering the mixed fuel and air to an engine-cylinder a valve controlling s'aid'out let and adapted to open throughthe suction of the engine-cylinder; a rod loosely engaging said valve for guiding the movement thereof; a piston mounted on said rod and normally. urged toward said valve through the suction of the engine-cylinder; a spring,

bearing between said valve and iston; a second spring bearing on said piston and normally urging-same toward sald valve; a third spring adapted to yieldingly resist the action of said second spring an the suction of the engine-cylinder on said piston, substantially asdescribed. 7

13. In a device of the class described, the

combination of a casing; a mixing-chamber having fuel and air inlets and having an outlet for delivering the mixed fuel and air to an engine-cylinder; a valve controlling said outlet and adapted to open through the suction of the engine-cylinder; a rod loosely engaging said valve for guiding the movement thereof; a piston secured to said rodin alinement with said valve and being slidably mounted in said casing and'normally urged toward said valve through the suction of the engine-cylinder a spring bearing between said valve and piston; a second spring bearing on said piston and normally urging same toward said valve; a third s ring adapted to yieldingly resist the action of said second spring and the suction of the engine-cylinder on said piston; and

mechanism for changing the tension on said third springto control the action of said piston, su stantially as described. I

14. In a device of the class described, the f combination of a casing; a mixingechamber having fuel and air inlets and having an outlet for delivering the mixed fuel and air to an engine-cylinder; a valve controllin said outlet and adapted to open through't e suction I of the engine-cylinder a rod loosely engagin said valve for guiding the movement 'thereo a piston secured to said rod in alinement with said valve and being slidably mounted in said casing and normally urged toward said valve normally urging same toward said valve; a

third spring-adapted to yieldingly resistthe through the suction of the engine-cylinder a I action of said second spring-and the suction of the engine-cylinder on said piston; and a wedge member bearing between said third .said needle-valve or varying the discharge of fuel through said inlet, said needle-valve being adjustable relatively of said member; an arm on the member for rotating the same; an operating-lever, and a link connectin said arm and lever, said link being adjusta 1e at one end for changin the relative angular throw of said arm an lever, substantially as described.

16. In a carbureter, the combination of a valve-casing a mixing-chamber in said casing, having a fuel-inlet communicating there with; a needle-valve controlling said fuel-inlet; a 'member sup orting the needle-valve and havin q threade connection with the casing and being adapted when rotated to move said needle-valve for varying the discharge of fuel through said inlet, sald needle-valve being adjustable relatively of said member;

an arm on the member for rotating the same an operating-lever, and a link connecting said arm and lever, said link being adjustable at one end for changing the relative angular throw of said arm and lever, and said arm and lever being suitably arranged to ermit of said adjustment of throw Without d-lStllIbr ing the relative osition of said arm for a certain position 0 the lever, substantially as descrlbed;

Signed at Chicago this 7th day of July, 1904.

FRANK A. BIEHN.

Witnesses:

EUGENE A. RUMMLER, GLEN O. STEPHENS. 

